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The ''U-43'' class was a class of two coastal submarines or U-boats operated by the Austro-Hungarian Navy ((ドイツ語:Kaiserliche und Königliche Kriegsmarine ''or'' K.u.K. Kriegsmarine)) during World War I. The two submarines that comprised the class were Type UB II submarines of the Imperial German Navy, making the two classes identical. From the beginning of World War I, Austria-Hungary had been working to increase the size of its U-boat fleet, so the Imperial German Navy, which was finding it difficult to obtain trained submarine crews, sold two of its UB II boats, and , to its ally in June 1917. The German Type UB II design incorporated improvements over Type UB I boats, the first coastal submarines of the German Imperial Navy. Among these were twin engines and shafts for more redundancy during operations, a higher top speed, and larger torpedo tubes with double the complement of torpedoes. As a result, the UB II boats were nearly twice as heavy as their predecessor UB I boats. Both boats of the class were selected for German service in the Mediterranean while under construction. They were shipped via rail to Pola, assembled, launched, and commissioned in the German Imperial Navy, where both enjoyed great success against Allied shipping. In June 1917, the boats were decommissioned, handed over to Austria-Hungary, and then commissioned into the Austro-Hungarian Navy in July. The ''B'' in the designation of both boats was dropped, but the submarines retained the same numbers, becoming ''U-43'' and ''U-47'' under the Austro-Hungarian flag. At the end of the war and were ceded to Italy and France, respectively, and had been scrapped by 1920. == Background == Austria-Hungary's U-boat fleet was largely obsolete at the outbreak of World War I.〔Gardiner, p. 341.〕 The Austro-Hungarian Navy satisfied its most urgent needs by purchasing five Type UB I submarines that comprised the from Germany,〔Gardiner, p. 343.〕 by raising and recommissioning the sunken French submarine ''Curie'' as ,〔〔''Curie'' had been caught in an anti-submarine net while trying to enter the harbor at Pola on 20 December 1914. See: Gardiner, p. 343.〕 and by building four submarines of the that were based on the 1911 Danish ''Havmanden'' class.〔〔The plans for the Danish ''Havmanden'' class submarines, three of which were built in Austria-Hungary, were seized from Whitehead & Co. in Fiume. See: Gardiner, pp. 344, 354.〕 After these steps alleviated the most urgent needs,〔 the Austro-Hungarian Navy had adopted the German Type UB II design for what became known as the Austro-Hungarian ''U-27'' class in mid 1915, and had six of that class being built under license in Austria-Hungary by late 1916.〔〔A further two ''U-27'' class boats were started in 1916. See: Halpern, p. 383.〕 In November 1916, Germany had inquired to find out if Austria-Hungary were interested in purchasing existing German submarines because Germany was having a hard time finding trained submarine crews. After protracted negotiations, which had stalled over the outflow of Austro-Hungarian gold reserves to Germany, an agreement to purchase two submarines—''UB-43'' and ''UB-47''—was reached in June 1917.〔Baumgartner and Sieche, as excerpted (here ) (reprinted and translated into English by Sieche). Retrieved 2 December 2008.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「U-43-class submarine (Austria-Hungary)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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